Kugawana zithunzi pa intaneti komanso kudzera pa imelo
Kuwonetsa zithunzi pa mawebusayiti
Kusunga zithunzi za digito bwino
JPG Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri Okhudza Kusintha kwa Anthu
Kodi ndi fayilo ya JPG?
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JPG (JPEG) ndi mtundu wa chithunzi chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kupsinjika kofooka, koyenera kujambula zithunzi ndi zithunzi zovuta.
Kodi JPG ndi chinthu chimodzimodzi ngati JPEG?
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Chomwecho ndicho chomwecho: standard imodzi, bitstream imodzi, ma spellings awiri. Kuwonjezera kwa malemba atatu kuli chifukwa DOS yayamba kulola mafano a fayilo kuti apereke maonekedwe atatu okha, ndipo malemba atatu ndi omwe ali. Kusintha dzina la fayilo kuchokera ku imodzi kupita ku ina sikungasinthidwe chilichonse, ndipo sikungawononge chilichonse, ndipo kamera iliyonse, msakatuli ndi wolemba amawerenga onse awiri. Chokhacho chomwe chimasiyana ndi mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi chidwi chokwanira kuganizira fayilo ndi kuwonjezera kwake. JPG ndi JPEG standard kuchokera 1992, ndipo pambuyo zaka zitatu ndibe format ambiri kamera ndi ambiri mawebusaiti kugwiritsa ntchito kwa zithunzi.
Yai, ndipo ndi chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kudziwa za mtundu. Kawirikawiri, kupulumutsa kumayendetsanso kuwonongeka kwa encoder pazithunzi zomwe zakhala zikuyenda, motero zigawo za artefacts - zomwe zimawoneka ngati zoletsa m'mawu ndi haloes pazovuta zazikulu pambuyo pa zaka zambiri. Sinthani kuchokera ku master yopanda kusowa ndi kutumiza ku JPG kamodzi, pamapeto pake, kuposa kutsegulanso ndikubwezeretsanso fayilo yomweyo. JPG ndi lossy: chithunzi chimasinthidwa ndi DCT, quantised, ndi entropy-coded, ndi quality knob kuwongolera momwe ambiri ndi kuthyola.
Nchifukwa chiyani kamera iliyonse ndi foni imandipatsa JPG?
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Chifukwa chake ndi mtundu womwe wonse wa photographic chain unali zaka zambiri zapitazo, ndipo palibe chomwe chimachokera pangozi ya kugwirizana kwa wopanga kamera. Ma data a sensor amachitidwa ndikusinthidwa mu kamerayo, pa sewero labwino lokhala ndi menyu, ndipo zomwe zimalandiridwa pakhadi ndi zithunzi zomaliza. Izi ndichifukwa chake kusintha kwachiwiri kwa chithunzi si nthawi zonse chimayambitsa anthu kukhumudwa - chimayambitsa kale, m'nyumba ya kamera.
Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wotani posintha ku JPG?
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M'malo pakati pa 80 ndi 90 kwa chilichonse munthu adzaona. pansi pa pafupifupi 75 za artefacts ayamba kusonyeza pa khungu, kuwala ndi iliyonse lalikulu flat area; pamwamba 95 fayilo akukula mofulumira pamene pafupifupi palibe amene angaone kusiyana. kukhazikitsa si khalidwe la chithunzi, ndi lamulo la za izi padera kutumiza — choncho kusankha izo kwa kumene fayilo ndi kupita, ndi kusamalira oyambirira kwa nthawi ina inu mukufuna yankho lina.
Nchifukwa chiyani kumbuyo kwakuwonekera kwazithunzi zanga zakhala zofiira mu JPG?
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Chifukwa JPG siyimakhala ndi njira ya alfa yoti ikhalemo. Mtundu uliwonse wa pixel umafunika kukhala ndi mtundu wolimba, choncho kuwala kwazithunzi kumapangidwa motsutsana ndi kumbuyo - kuwala koyambirira - nthawi yomwe fayilo idzalemba. Sichingakhalepo chilichonse chobwezeretsedwanso pambuyo pake. Ngati chithunzi chiyenera kukhala patsamba lobiriwira kapena pazithunzi, sinthani ku mtundu womwe umasunga kuwala kwazithunzi. JPG alibe kuwala, degraded m'tsogolo nthawi iliyonse kuti ndi re-kupulumutsa, ndi kutulutsa zooneka kuletsa pa flat mtundu ndi zosaoneka malemba.
Kodi JPG imatha kusamalira CMYK yosindikiza?
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Ikhoza, amene ndi chifukwa chake fayilo kuchokera kusindikiza workflows nthawi zina kuwoneka zosadziwika pazenera: zobiriwira ndi zowunikira za ink peresenti kwa kusindikiza kuposa kuwala kwa monitor. ambiri web-facing mtundu ndi RGB okha, kotero kusintha ayenera kutanthauzira, ndi kutanthauzira ndi zosakira - saturated cyan ndi orange shift kwambiri. Kwa chilichonse kuyendera kwa wosindikiza, kusamalira oyambirira mbali iliyonse inu kusintha.
Kodi ndi vuto kuti JPG ili ndi zaka zoposa makumi atatu?
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Age yekha si vuto - angapo mtundu kuchokera kuti nthawi ndibe bwino, makamaka chifukwa chilichonse chili ndi zaka kuti akwaniritse iwo. Zimene zikukhudza ndi zimene nthawi anaganiza: mavidiyo ang'onoang'ono, mofulumira processors, palibe netiweki, ndi zizindikiro aliyense anafunikabe. Pamene amene anaganizabebe, mtundu ndi bwino. Pamene iwo sachita, kuti ndi chifukwa chosintha.
Kodi kamera ndi malo a metadata amasungidwira pamene ndimasintha JPG?
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Zimachitika pamene mtundu woyenera umathandizira - kamera ya kamera, kuwala, nthawi yotenga, ndi GPS coordinates ngati chipangizocho chidalemba. Kuti chachiwiri chimayenera kuganiziridwa pambuyo pa kufalitsa: chithunzi chochokera pafoni chimatha kubweretsa malo oyenera omwe adatengedwa. Kuchotsa metadata nthawi yosintha pamene chithunzi chikuyenda komweko kwa anthu.
Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito JPG moyenera patsamba la webusaiti?
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Yes — iliyonse browser pano amasonyeza izo natively, kotero kuti sayenera kupewa uthenga ndi kusintha nthawi yofalitsa. Kuyankhulana kumakhalabe ndi kutalika kuposa kuthandizira: chithunzi chimodzi mu webusaiti yamakono ndi nthawi zambiri 3/4 ya kukula pa mtundu wowoneka bwino, zomwe ndi zoyenera kuchita pa chilichonse chomwe chimawonekera pamwamba pa fold. JPG imatulutsa zithunzi zobiriwira bwinobwino ndipo imatha kuwerengedwa ndi chilichonse chogwiritsa ntchito, msakatuli ndi wosindikiza.
Kodi ndingasinthe dzina la chidacho popeza JPG sichisintha?
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Kwambiri nthawi zonse, ndipo ndi bwino kumvetsa chifukwa chake: kuwonjezeka ndi label, pamene bytes m'maganizo ndi zopangidwa kwa mtundu wina mfundo. Kusintha dzina amapanga fayilo amene dzina lake amalonjeza chinachake za zinthu zake sikuti kubweretsa, ndi zimene amatsegula izo kapena amakana fayilo kapena misreads izo. Mmodzi waukulu kulephera ndi awiri mtundu amene ndi weniweni wofanana wonyamula pansi pa dzina losiyana - ndi ngakhale pamenepo bwino rewrap ndi chitetezo kuposa kusintha dzina.
Kodi ndingasinthe fayilo yonse ya JPG mafayilo m'modzimmodzi?
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Ndi akaunti, yeah - kugwa iwo limodzi ndipo iwo ali mu mnda monga ntchito imodzi kuposa kusamalira mmodzi pa nthawi, ndi zosankha zofanana zogwiritsira ntchito m'magulu ndi zotsatira zobwerera limodzi. Free conversions kuyendetsa imodzi wapamwamba pa nthawi (kuphatikiza zida zimatenga awiri); a ndalama malire ndi zimene zimatsegula processing gulu ndi zikuluzikulu per-fayilo malire, amene ndi zimene amachititsa kusintha archive lonse zothandiza.
